The ocean, as an important support for the survival and development of human society, plays a crucial role in ecological protection and rational utilization of resources. At present, countries around the world are taking effective measures to protect this blue homeland and strive for the sustainable development of the ocean.
Norway, with its long coastline and abundant marine resources, is the world's second largest exporter of marine products, but it is not limited to the traditional model of "relying on the sea to eat". Faced with the dilemma of overfishing causing damage to marine biodiversity, the Norwegian fisheries department has introduced a strict quota system. Through rigorous monitoring, analysis, and evaluation of fishery resources and fishing data, the annual total catch is determined, and the fishing share of shared fish resources is negotiated with neighboring countries. In 2009, the newly revised Marine Resources Law came into effect, which strictly regulated fishing methods and prohibited trawling except in specific circumstances. It closely integrated fisheries management with marine biodiversity conservation, with a focus on protecting fish fry, endangered fish species, and ecologically fragile areas. In addition, a series of marine protected areas have been established successively, effectively promoting the reproduction of marine organisms. At the same time, Norway has also formulated the "Green Shipping Action Plan", launched the "Marine Waste and Microplastics Prevention and Development Plan", and cooperated with the World Bank to carry out cooperation projects in the marine field, comprehensively reducing marine pollution and protecting marine ecology.
In Indonesia, as the world's largest archipelagic country, abundant coral resources are its precious wealth. However, in recent years, about one-third of coral reefs have been in an unstable state. To protect coral reefs, an important pillar of the marine ecosystem, Indonesia launched a coral reef conservation and restoration plan as early as 1998, establishing marine protected areas and recruiting volunteers to assist in managing fishing activities. Last October, Indonesia launched a large-scale coral reef restoration plan that combines coral reef restoration with tourism, attracting participation from all parties and creating opportunities for the development of coastal areas. The World Bank is also actively assisting in promoting local fishermen's training and school curriculum reform, enhancing public awareness and initiative in protecting coral reefs.
Chile, with its vast coastline, has achieved remarkable results in marine conservation. The Rapanui Marine Reserve, established in 2018, covers an area of 740000 square kilometers and prohibits industrial fishing and mining. It preserves local fishing traditions and achieves an organic combination of marine protection and cultural heritage. The scope of Chile's marine protected areas continues to expand, accounting for 43% of the exclusive economic zone area. At the same time, Chile has established a "Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture Review Network" to strengthen supervision of the entire value chain of fisheries, requiring fishing vessels to install cameras to record the fishing process. In addition, a pilot project has been launched for whale conservation, installing intelligent buoys in blue whale gathering areas to avoid ship collisions and monitor ocean health.
South Africa has strengthened control measures in legislation to reduce marine plastic pollution, promoted river mouth management plans, and established marine protected areas. By using large-scale vacuum cleaners to clean up plastic waste on beaches and carrying out a project funded by the Global Environment Facility to clean up and recycle waste in river systems, we aim to address marine plastic pollution from the source. At the same time, actively seeking plastic alternatives and developing "bioplastics" that can quickly biodegrade in water. In addition, South Africa has designated the second week of October each year as "National Ocean Week" to carry out various activities to raise people's awareness of ocean protection.
Countries around the world are actively exploring and demonstrating their abilities on the path of ocean conservation, jointly contributing to the protection of the blue sea and sky. Ocean protection is a long and arduous task that requires more countries and social forces to work together to create a better future for marine ecology.
(Editer：admin)
